The mission of the Army Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC) program is to motivate young people to be better citizens. At Madison High School, the JROTC is designated as an Honor Unit with Distinction as a result of the Annual Formal Inspection (AFI). JROTC provides a quality citizenship, character and leadership development program while fostering partnerships with communities and educational institutions. There are numerous JROTC-sponsored extracurricular activities open to all Cadets. Cadets also have the opportunity to attend JROTC Summer Camp with expenses paid. There is no obligation for JROTC Cadets to enter the military.

Cadets who complete JROTC enjoy several benefits beyond high school including the opportunity to compete for an Army ROTC four-year scholarship to college; competitive appointments to West Point, Annapolis and the Air Force Academy (in addition to the regular congressional and presidential appointments); advanced placement in senior ROTC in many colleges; and for those who choose to enlist in military service, a higher rank than other enlistees.